[fit] Protobuf & Code Generation
2016, by Manfred Touron (@moul)
overview
- go-kit is an amazing framework to develop strong micro services
- but it requires a lot of boilerplate code
- return on experience on go-kit boilerplate code generation
protobuf?
- limited to exchanges (methods and models)
- extendable with plugins
- contract-based
- universal
code generation?
- the good old ./generate.sh bash script
- go:generate
- make
- protobuf + protoc-gen-gotemplate
go-kit
- protobuf-first, rpc-first service framework in Golang
- abstract services, endpoints, transports
- requires a lot of boilerplate code in multiple packages
example: session.proto
syntax = "proto3";
package session;
service SessionService {
  rpc Login(LoginRequest) returns (LoginResponse) {}
}
message LoginRequest {
  string username = 1;
  string password = 2;
}
message LoginResponse {
  string token = 1;
  string err_msg = 2;
}
example: session.go
package sessionsvc
import (
	"fmt"
	"golang.org/x/net/context"
	pb "moul.io/protoc-gen-gotemplate/examples/go-kit/services/session/gen/pb"
)
type Service struct{}
func New() pb.SessionServiceServer {
	return &Service{}
}
func (svc *Service) Login(ctx context.Context, in *pb.LoginRequest) (*pb.LoginResponse, error) {
    // custon code here
	return nil, fmt.Errorf("not implemented")
}
example: {{.File.Package}}/gen/transports/http/http.go.tmpl
// source: templates/{{.File.Package}}/gen/transports/http/http.go.tmpl
package {{.File.Package}}_httptransport
import (
    gokit_endpoint "github.com/go-kit/kit/endpoint"
	httptransport "github.com/go-kit/kit/transport/http"
	endpoints "moul.io/protoc-gen-gotemplate/examples/go-kit/services/{{.File.Package}}/gen/endpoints"
	pb "moul.io/protoc-gen-gotemplate/examples/go-kit/services/{{.File.Package}}/gen/pb"
)
// result: services/user/gen/transports/http/http.go
package user_httptransport
import (
	gokit_endpoint "github.com/go-kit/kit/endpoint"
	httptransport "github.com/go-kit/kit/transport/http"
	endpoints "moul.io/protoc-gen-gotemplate/examples/go-kit/services/user/gen/endpoints"
	pb "moul.io/protoc-gen-gotemplate/examples/go-kit/services/user/gen/pb"
)
example: {{.File.Package}}/gen/transports/http/http.go.tmpl
// source: templates/{{.File.Package}}/gen/transports/http/http.go.tmpl
{{range .Service.Method}}
func Make{{.Name}}Handler(ctx context.Context, svc pb.{{$file.Package | title}}ServiceServer, endpoint gokit_endpoint.Endpoint) *httptransport.Server {
	return httptransport.NewServer(
		ctx,
		endpoint,
		decode{{.Name}}Request,
		encode{{.Name}}Response,
                []httptransport.ServerOption{}...,
	)
}
{{end}}
// result: services/user/gen/transports/http/http.go
func MakeGetUserHandler(ctx context.Context, svc pb.UserServiceServer, endpoint gokit_endpoint.Endpoint) *httptransport.Server {
	return httptransport.NewServer(
		ctx,
		endpoint,
		decodeGetUserRequest,
		encodeGetUserResponse,
		[]httptransport.ServerOption{}...,
	)
}
example: {{.File.Package}}/gen/transports/http/http.go.tmpl
// source: templates/{{.File.Package}}/gen/transports/http/http.go.tmpl
func RegisterHandlers(ctx context.Context, svc pb.{{$file.Package | title}}ServiceServer, mux *http.ServeMux, endpoints endpoints.Endpoints) error {
	{{range .Service.Method}}
        log.Println("new HTTP endpoint: \"/{{.Name}}\" (service={{$file.Package | title}})")
	mux.Handle("/{{.Name}}", Make{{.Name}}Handler(ctx, svc, endpoints.{{.Name}}Endpoint))
	{{end}}
	return nil
}
// result: services/user/gen/transports/http/http.go
func RegisterHandlers(ctx context.Context, svc pb.UserServiceServer, mux *http.ServeMux, endpoints endpoints.Endpoints) error {
	log.Println("new HTTP endpoint: \"/CreateUser\" (service=User)")
	mux.Handle("/CreateUser", MakeCreateUserHandler(ctx, svc, endpoints.CreateUserEndpoint))
	log.Println("new HTTP endpoint: \"/GetUser\" (service=User)")
	mux.Handle("/GetUser", MakeGetUserHandler(ctx, svc, endpoints.GetUserEndpoint))
	return nil
}
protoc --gogo_out=plugins=grpc:. ./services/*/*.proto
protoc --gotemplate_out=template_dir=./templates:services ./services/*/*.proto
3 services
6 methods
149 custom lines
1429 generated lines
business focus
generation usages
- go-kit boilerplate (see examples/go-kit)
- k8s configuration
- Dockerfile
- documentation
- unit-tests
- fun
pros
- small custom codebase
- templates shipped with code
- hardly typed, no reflects
- genericity
- contrat terms (protobuf) respected
- not limited to a language
cons
- the author needs to write its own templates
- sometimes difficult to generate valid code
- not enough helpers around the code generation yet
improvement ideas
- Support protobufs extensions (i.e, annotations.probo)
- Generate one file from multiple services
- Add more helpers around the code generation
conclusion
- Useful to keep everything standard
- The awesomeness of go-kit without the hassle of writing boilerplate code
- Always up-to-date with the contracts

