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cloudinit/Documentation/cloud-config-locations.md

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Cloud-Config Locations

On every boot, coreos-cloudinit looks for a config file to configure your host. Here is a list of locations which are used by the Cloud-Config utility, depending on your CoreOS platform:

Location Description
/media/configvirtfs/openstack/latest/user_data /media/configvirtfs mount point with config-2 label. It should contain a openstack/latest/user_data relative path. Usually used by cloud providers or in VM installations.
/media/configdrive/openstack/latest/user_data FAT or ISO9660 filesystem with config-2 label and /media/configdrive/ mount point. It should also contain a openstack/latest/user_data relative path. Usually used in installations which are configured by USB Flash sticks or CDROM media.
Kernel command line: cloud-config-url=http://example.com/user_data. You can find this string using this command cat /proc/cmdline. Usually used in PXE or iPXE boots.
/var/lib/coreos-install/user_data When you install CoreOS manually using the coreos-install tool. Usually used in bare metal installations.
/usr/share/oem/cloud-config.yml Path for OEM images.
/var/lib/coreos-vagrant/vagrantfile-user-data Vagrant OEM scripts automatically store Cloud-Config into this path.
/var/lib/waagent/CustomData Azure platform uses OEM path for first Cloud-Config initialization and then /var/lib/waagent/CustomData to apply your settings.
http://169.254.169.254/metadata/v1/user-data http://169.254.169.254/2009-04-04/user-data https://metadata.packet.net/userdata DigitalOcean, EC2 and Packet cloud providers correspondingly use these URLs to download Cloud-Config.
/usr/share/oem/bin/vmtoolsd --cmd "info-get guestinfo.coreos.config.data" Cloud-Config provided by VMware Backdoor
/usr/share/oem/bin/vmtoolsd --cmd "info-get guestinfo.coreos.config.url" Cloud-Config URL provided by VMware Backdoor

You can also run the coreos-cloudinit tool manually and provide a path to your custom Cloud-Config file:

sudo coreos-cloudinit --from-file=/home/core/cloud-config.yaml

This command will apply your custom cloud-config.